Section 1
121 dòng · 3 người nói · 7 từ vựng
00:01Narrator IELTS listening.
00:03 Version 54768.
00:07 You will hear a number of different recordings
00:09 and you will have to answer questions on what you hear.
00:13 There will be time for you to read the instructions and questions
00:18 and you will have a chance to check your work.
00:22 All the recordings will be played once only.
00:26 The test is in four sections.
00:29 Write all your answers in the listening question booklet.
00:33 At the end of the test, you will be given 10 minutes
00:37 to transfer your answers to an answer sheet.
00:42 Now turn to section one on page two of your question booklet.
00:52 Section 1.
00:54 You will hear a woman who wants to rent a vacation cottage (nhà nghỉ dưỡng)
00:57 telephoning the owner.
01:00 First, you have some time to look at questions one to seven on page two.
01:36 You will see that there is an example that has been done for you.
01:41 On this occasion only, the conversation relating to this will be played first.
01:50Dave Hello?
01:50Woman Oh, hello.
01:52 I'm calling about a vacation rental (thuê nhà nghỉ dưỡng),
01:54 the name I've been given is Carol Marriott.
01:57Dave I'm Dave, Carol's husband. We own it together.
02:03Narrator The joint owners of the cottage (nhà nhỏ) are Carol Marriott and her husband Dave.
02:08 So Dave has been written in the space.
02:13 Now we shall begin.
02:15 You should answer the questions as you listen
02:17 because you will not hear the recording a second time.
02:22 Listen carefully and answer questions one to seven.
02:29Dave Hello?
02:30Woman Oh, hello.
02:31 I'm calling about a vacation rental (thuê nhà nghỉ dưỡng).
02:34 The name I've been given is Carol Marriott.
02:36Dave I'm Dave, Carol's husband. We own it together.
02:39Woman Oh right.
02:40 Uh well, some friends of ours rented uh Aster Cottage (nhà nhỏ) from you
02:44 for a week by the ocean last summer,
02:47 and they recommended it to us.
02:49 My husband and I would like to rent it in the fall, for a week.
02:52Dave Okay.
02:53 When exactly?
02:55Woman Um, we're looking at the week beginning September 21st, if it's available.
03:00Dave Let me check. Uh...
03:03 Mmm no, I'm sorry, it's already booked that week.
03:06 You could have it the previous week from the 14th.
03:09Woman Hmm.
03:10 Well, we could manage that week,
03:12 if we change a couple of arrangements.
03:15 Um how much would it cost?
03:17Dave That would be $835.
03:20Woman Ah.
03:21 That's rather more than we wanted to pay, I'm afraid.
03:25 Uh we were hoping to pay closer to $790,
03:28 which our friends paid last year.
03:31Dave We also have a slightly smaller cottage (nhà nhỏ) called Periwinkle Cottage (nhà nhỏ).
03:36Woman Excuse me, um how do you spell the name?
03:39Dave P E R I W I N K L E. Periwinkle.
03:45 It's available the week you want it,
03:48 and it's the exact same price that your friends paid last year.
03:52 I take it you want a place that sleeps just two people, like Aster Cottage (nhà nhỏ Aster)?
03:57Woman Um yes.
03:58 Is it near Aster Cottage (nhà nhỏ Aster)?
03:59Dave Yeah, it's right across the street.
04:02Woman And what's this cottage (nhà nhỏ) like?
04:03Dave Well, it's uh part of a historic building that was originally a school a hundred years ago.
04:10 It was converted into a post office around 1950.
04:14 Then later on, the post office moved, and the building was divided to make two cottages.
04:20Woman So, is it on several floors?
04:22Dave No, it's all on one floor.
04:25 There's a large living room, a kitchen that's really well equipped (được trang bị),
04:28 a bedroom, and a bathroom with a tub and a shower.
04:33Woman Oh, very nice.
04:35 From the living room you can go out onto the deck,
04:37 which is a great place to have your meals when the weather's nice.
04:41 That sounds fantastic.
04:43 Can you see the river that flows through the town from the cottage (nhà nhỏ)?
04:46Dave You sure can.
04:47 It's close by. You can see it from the bedroom.
04:50Woman Okay.
04:52 Uh, would we need to bring anything?
04:54 Bedding, say?
04:55Dave That's provided.
04:57 But we make a small charge for towels unless you bring your own, of course.
05:01Woman Oh okay. I'll do that.
05:04 Uh because we'll be driving,
05:06 there'll be plenty of room in the car for things like that.
05:09 Oh, that reminds me.
05:10 Is there a garage (ga-ra) that we can use?
05:13Dave I'm afraid there isn't one.
05:15 Uh but you can usually get a parking spot on the street right in front of the cottage (nhà nhỏ).
05:20Woman No problem.
05:20 We probably won't use the car much while we're there anyway.
05:24 We like to go for walks.
05:28Narrator Before you hear the rest of the conversation,
05:32 you have some time to look at questions eight to ten on page two.
05:56 Now listen and answer questions eight to ten.
06:03Woman Oh, and what about the town itself?
06:05 Are there any restaurants in the neighborhood?
06:08Dave There are a few, all within walking distance.
06:12 A lot of people like the fish restaurant,
06:14 but in my opinion, the Chinese restaurant has got to be the best for miles around.
06:19Woman That's good to know.
06:20 We might end up eating out every evening.
06:23Dave Well, why not?
06:24Woman Our friends said the town is pretty famous for antique stores (cửa hàng đồ cổ).
06:28Dave That's right.
06:29 There's a whole bunch of them,
06:30 at least ten on the main street.
06:32Woman Marvelous.
06:34 Okay, I'd like to make the booking, please.
06:36Dave Great.
06:37 We ask for a deposit (tiền đặt cọc) of $200,
06:40 and final payment at least six weeks before your stay.
06:44 But we'll be away ourselves for much of August,
06:47 so let's say no later than the last day of July.
06:50 Is that okay with you?
06:51Woman Fine.
06:52Dave Okay.
06:53 Then let me give you our details so you can send the deposit (tiền đặt cọc).
07:00Narrator That is the end of section one.
07:03 You now have half a minute to check your answers.
Từ vựng · 7 từ
vacation cottagenhà nghỉ dưỡng
vacation rentalthuê nhà nghỉ dưỡng
cottagenhà nhỏ
equippedđược trang bị
garagega-ra
antique storescửa hàng đồ cổ
deposittiền đặt cọc
Section 2
67 dòng · 2 người nói · 20 từ vựng
07:37Narrator Now turn to section two on page three.
07:43 Section 2.
07:45 You will hear a coordinator talking to volunteer helpers before a race involving a large number of people.
07:53 First, you have some time to look at questions 11 to 14 on page three.
08:30 Now listen carefully and answer questions 11 to 14.
08:38Coordinator Thank you for all volunteering (tình nguyện) to help us with the Bridge to Brisbane fun run (cuộc chạy vui).
08:43 The purpose of this meeting is to give you some information about your duties (nhiệm vụ) on race day.
08:48 Some of you are asking about where you can park on the day.
08:51 Unfortunately, some of the usual places, down by the river for example,
08:55 will be out of bounds (ngoài phạm vi cho phép) because we'll need extra space for emergency vehicles (xe cứu hộ khẩn cấp).
09:00 Probably the best option is the Jack Gray Sportsfield in Barker Street.
09:05 Although the closest parking lot is the Metro shopping complex,
09:08 I would advise you not to park there as they tend to tow away people who aren't customers.
09:14 At the start line, most of you will be checking that runners have the necessary gear (trang bị),
09:17 especially their electronic timing chip (chip đo thời gian điện tử), the race number and the identity wristband (vòng đeo tay nhận dạng).
09:23 Make sure that the number is attached to the front of the running shirt or singlet (áo ba lỗ), not the back.
09:28 The timing chip (chip đo thời gian), which records the runner's time,
09:31 needs to be clipped onto one of their shoes,
09:34 and check that they are wearing their wristband (vòng đeo tay).
09:37 Some of you will be responsible for organizing the starting groups (nhóm xuất phát).
09:40 It's very important that runners start in a particular order.
09:44 There is a system of color codes.
09:46 The red group are walkers and people with baby strollers (xe đẩy em bé).
09:50 The purple group are runners that expect to finish in at less than one hour,
09:54 and the yellow group are our elite athletes (vận động viên ưu tú).
09:57 We'd like them to start the race,
09:59 and we'd like the other groups to follow after that
10:01 with the red group and the strollers (xe đẩy) at the very back.
10:04 This is for their own safety.
10:07 Now, we are still short on volunteers for the race day,
10:10 so if you have any friends or family members who might be interested, please let us know.
10:15 We're probably okay for people to help with the start,
10:17 but we'll still desperately need volunteers along the race course
10:21 to distribute (phân phát) water bottles to the runners.
10:24 A few of you have offered to help with first aid,
10:26 but the good people of St. John's ambulance have donated (quyên góp) their services,
10:30 so that won't be necessary.
10:35Narrator Before you hear the rest of the talk,
10:37 you have some time to look at questions 15 to 20 on page four.
11:12 Now listen and answer questions 15 to 20.
11:20Coordinator Now, I'll show you the layout of the race village,
11:22 which is where the race ends.
11:25 Can you all see the map?
11:26 If you look at the bottom right-hand side,
11:28 you'll see where the runners enter the village next to the corporate catering (dịch vụ ăn uống cho công ty) section.
11:33 As you continue along the course, you'll see the stage on your right.
11:37 That's where the winners will receive their medals (huy chương).
11:41 Now, can you all see the finish line near the center?
11:44 After they finish the race, the runners can take one of two paths,
11:48 it doesn't matter which one,
11:49 to get their finisher's t-shirts from the t-shirt stand at the end of those paths.
11:54 Many of you will be stationed here at the end of the race.
11:57 After they finish, the runners will also want their belongings,
12:01 and all bags are kept in the building on Bowen road.
12:03 It's quite close to the exit in the top left-hand corner of your map.
12:08 Now, some of you will have an important role working in the information center.
12:12 That's the building in the center of the map, not far from the finish line.
12:16 It's just below it on your map.
12:19 And one other thing, can you all please remind the runners to enter in the prize draw (bốc thăm trúng thưởng) for the new car?
12:24 The entry box is between the shade tents (lều che bóng mát) and the corporate catering (dịch vụ ăn uống cho công ty) buildings.
12:29 Okay, let's see now. What else do I need to point out?
12:32 Ah, yes. The runners are always thirsty,
12:36 and the main water station in the village is just beside the third exit through to Gregory Terrace.
12:41 Can you see it there to the left of the corporate catering (dịch vụ ăn uống cho công ty) area?
12:45 So everyone, please direct the race finishes there to get their free bottle of water.
12:52Narrator That is the end of section two.
12:55 You now have half a minute to check your answers.
Từ vựng · 20 từ
volunteeringtình nguyện
fun runcuộc chạy vui
dutiesnhiệm vụ
out of boundsngoài phạm vi cho phép
emergency vehiclesxe cứu hộ khẩn cấp
geartrang bị
electronic timing chipchip đo thời gian điện tử
identity wristbandvòng đeo tay nhận dạng
singletáo ba lỗ
timing chipchip đo thời gian
wristbandvòng đeo tay
starting groupsnhóm xuất phát
strollersxe đẩy em bé
elite athletesvận động viên ưu tú
distributephân phát
donatedquyên góp
corporate cateringdịch vụ ăn uống cho công ty
medalshuy chương
prize drawbốc thăm trúng thưởng
shade tentslều che bóng mát
Section 3
119 dòng · 3 người nói · 30 từ vựng
13:28Narrator Now turn to section three on page five.
13:34 Section 3.
13:36 You will hear a student called Joel talking to his tutor about his research into farmers' attitudes towards new developments in agriculture.
13:47 First, you have some time to look at questions 21 to 26 on page five.
14:39 Now listen carefully and answer questions 21 to 26.
14:47Dr. Owen Come in, Joel.
14:50 Right, so how's your research (nghiên cứu) going?
14:53 You're looking at how farmers feel about new technology in agriculture (nông nghiệp), aren't you?
14:59Joel Well, actually, it's more general than that.
15:03 I'm looking at their attitudes (thái độ) to a variety (sự đa dạng) of new developments in agriculture (nông nghiệp).
15:07Dr. Owen Okay.
15:08 Have you got a title for the project yet?
15:12Joel I was thinking of something simple,
15:14 like, farmers' attitudes (thái độ) towards the adoption (sự chấp nhận) of new farming practices (phương thức canh tác).
15:19Dr. Owen Mmm, that's possibly a bit too general.
15:23 I think the title needs to be a bit more specific.
15:27 What kind of farming will you be looking at?
15:31Joel Well, that'll vary, actually.
15:33 But I want to speak to each of the 10 farmers in my sample.
15:37 So I've chosen farmers which are all in the same region.
15:41Dr. Owen Okay.
15:42 Well, I'd specify where they are then.
15:46Joel Right. I'll amend the title to do that.
15:49Dr. Owen Okay.
15:50 Is there any particular reason why you've decided to do face-to-face interviews (phỏng vấn trực tiếp)?
15:55 It'll be quite time-consuming (tốn thời gian), won't it?
15:58Joel Yes,
16:00 and I did consider doing telephone interviews for that reason.
16:05 Especially as it's unnecessary for me to actually see the places where they work.
16:11 It's just that, in my experience,
16:12 a lot of farmers don't like talking on the phone,
16:16 so they'll be more likely to talk freely if I see them in person.
16:21Dr. Owen Yes, you're probably right.
16:24 Good.
16:25Joel Then, the first thing I want to investigate is
16:28 how the farmers actually find out about new developments in agriculture (nông nghiệp)
16:33 that they might want to adopt.
16:35 What sources they use.
16:37Dr. Owen Right.
16:38 So how are you going to do this?
16:41Joel Well, I could make a checklist (danh sách kiểm tra) of sources of information
16:45 for them to look at in advance,
16:47 so they could tick off the ones they actually use.
16:51 Things like farming magazines,
16:54 farm product advertisements,
16:56 television and the internet and so on.
16:59Dr. Owen It might be more useful to ask them
17:02 rather than show them a list.
17:04 A spontaneous (tự phát) response to one or two open questions might give you a more accurate (chính xác) picture.
17:11Joel All right, I'll do that then.
17:13Dr. Owen Now, talk me through some of the other issues you want to cover.
17:17Joel Well, there's the way the government communicates (giao tiếp) with farmers.
17:22Dr. Owen Right, well,
17:23 one thing is, farmers complain that the government sends out the same information to all of them,
17:29 whether they're poultry (gia cầm) farmers or dairy (sữa) farmers or arable (trồng trọt) farmers.
17:35Joel So they get all this information, but half of it doesn't actually apply to them.
17:40Dr. Owen Exactly.
17:41 So, you could look at that.
17:43Joel Right.
17:44 Then I wanted to look at attitudes (thái độ) of British farmers to the cost of making any changes on their farms.
17:52 According to articles I've read,
17:54 farmers in Britain aren't, in principle, against investing money in new machinery and new practices,
18:03 but they're actually just too busy to work out what the financial implications (hàm ý tài chính) are.
18:08Dr. Owen Yes,
18:09 and a lot of them don't seem to consider getting financial advice from their accountants (kế toán viên) about it either.
18:16Joel Right.
18:17Dr. Owen There's also been some research in Australia on sheep rearing (nuôi cừu) practices.
18:22 I can give you the reference if you like.
18:25 Basically, it appears that the majority of Australian sheep farmers
18:30 are willing to risk adopting new practices
18:34 on the basis of just a few pieces of research.
18:39 They don't usually wait until the evidence in favor of the changes is overwhelming (áp đảo).
18:45 They're quite happy to act before then so they can get ahead of the game.
18:51Joel Okay, I'll take a look at that.
18:54 Thanks.
18:57Narrator Before you hear the rest of the discussion,
19:00 you have some time to look at questions 27 to 30 on page six.
19:33 Now listen and answer questions 27 to 30.
19:34Joel We said we'd also look at some of the reading material I've been reviewing.
19:38Dr. Owen Yes.
19:39 I had another look at Contemporary (Đương đại) Farming Manual (Cẩm nang).
19:42 Which is clearly bang up to date.
19:45 It covers a lot of things a farmer might want to know, but...
19:49 it's so dull (nhàm chán).
19:51Joel Absolutely.
19:52 I found it really hard going.
19:55 And I can't imagine any farmer wading through it.
19:58 There aren't even any decent pictures.
20:00Dr. Owen Did you have time to look at Running a Small Farm?
20:04Joel Yes,
20:04 although I only read bits of it because despite being entertaining,
20:09 it wasn't very academic (học thuật).
20:11Dr. Owen I know.
20:13 And a lot of the information is either misleading (gây hiểu lầm) or simply wrong.
20:17 I'm surprised it got published at all.
20:20 I don't imagine the farming press will rate it very highly.
20:24Joel Hmm.
20:25Dr. Owen You recommend Agriculture (Nông nghiệp) and Economics.
20:29Joel I expected it would be really difficult.
20:33 The title's a bit off-putting.
20:35 But I thought it was brilliant.
20:37 So I've bought it.
20:38Dr. Owen Yes.
20:39 Some people think it relies (dựa vào) too heavily on farming practices (phương thức canh tác)
20:43 in specific parts of the world,
20:45 but the theories that underpin (làm nền tảng) these are universal (phổ quát).
20:50 And that's why it's a required textbook (sách giáo khoa bắt buộc) for anyone studying agriculture (nông nghiệp).
20:55Joel Right.
20:56Dr. Owen What else did you come across?
20:59Joel I borrowed How to Survive in Farming from the library.
21:03 I thought it'd be interesting background,
21:05 and I liked the informal (thân mật) style.
21:09 But it turned out to have been written years ago.
21:11Dr. Owen Yes,
21:12 and like everything else, farming fashions (thời thượng) have changed,
21:16 so it's badly in need of a new edition.
21:19Joel Can I ask you a question about what we've just...
21:25Narrator That is the end of section three.
21:28 You now have half a minute to check your answers.
Từ vựng · 30 từ
researchnghiên cứu
agriculturenông nghiệp
attitudesthái độ
varietysự đa dạng
adoptionsự chấp nhận
farming practicesphương thức canh tác
face-to-face interviewsphỏng vấn trực tiếp
time-consumingtốn thời gian
checklistdanh sách kiểm tra
spontaneoustự phát
accuratechính xác
communicatesgiao tiếp
poultrygia cầm
dairysữa
arabletrồng trọt
financial implicationshàm ý tài chính
accountantskế toán viên
sheep rearingnuôi cừu
overwhelmingáp đảo
ContemporaryĐương đại
ManualCẩm nang
dullnhàm chán
academichọc thuật
misleadinggây hiểu lầm
reliesdựa vào
underpinlàm nền tảng
universalphổ quát
required textbooksách giáo khoa bắt buộc
informalthân mật
fashionsthời thượng
Section 4
89 dòng · 2 người nói · 47 từ vựng
22:02Narrator Now turn to section four on page seven.
22:07 Section 4.
22:09 You will hear part of a lecture given by an art and design lecturer
22:13 on the topic of Aboriginal (thổ dân) textile design in Australia.
22:18 First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40 on page seven.
23:15 Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
23:23Lecturer The indigenous (bản địa) people of Australia, or Aboriginals (thổ dân),
23:27 have a long history of using animal and plant fibers (sợi)
23:30 to make a variety of fabric (vải).
23:33 Over the years, their traditional (truyền thống) designs and stories
23:37 have been incorporated into various textiles (vải dệt).
23:41 The Ernabella Arts Centre is a place
23:44 where local Aboriginals (thổ dân) can produce their traditional (truyền thống) craft (thủ công)
23:47 and also learn new techniques to decorate fabric (vải).
23:51 For the first 30 years,
23:53 the artists crafted rugs working with wool.
23:58 These rugs incorporated their own unique designs.
24:02 However, as they became less economical to produce,
24:05 the artists were introduced to boutique (vải batik),
24:07 which is an Indonesian method (phương pháp của Indonesia) of dyeing textiles (vải dệt).
24:11 Boutique (Vải batik) is quicker than weaving,
24:14 so many of the Ernabella artists started to produce it themselves.
24:19 Screen printing (in lưới) was later introduced to the centre,
24:22 and Ernabella's artists were commissioned (được ủy thác) to produce fabric (vải) for furniture (đồ nội thất)
24:26 that was to be used at popular tourist destinations (địa điểm du lịch nổi tiếng)
24:29 such as the national park offices at Uluru.
24:33 Screen printing (In lưới) has also been used successfully by the Tiwi people
24:36 who live on islands north of Darwin.
24:39 Their company, Tiwi Designs, produces fabric (vải)
24:42 that is inspired by their surroundings.
24:45 For example,
24:47 they incorporated bird motifs (họa tiết) into their early designs.
24:52 Tiwi art, culture (văn hóa) and language are very different
24:55 from those of mainland Aboriginal (thổ dân) groups.
24:58 The patterns on their fabric (vải) are related to the beliefs and legends (truyền thuyết) in their culture (văn hóa).
25:04 For example,
25:05 some textile designs are chosen because they are thought to cause rain.
25:17 Another successful Aboriginal (thổ dân) design company was founded by Jimmy Pike.
25:22 His dynamic (năng động) prints, paintings and fabrics (vải) are greatly influenced (bị ảnh hưởng) by the Australian landscape (phong cảnh),
25:29 in particular that of the desert (sa mạc),
25:31 which is often featured in this work.
25:35 Pike worked with acrylic paint (sơn acrylic), oil pastels (phấn dầu) and screen printing (in lưới).
25:41 Surprisingly,
25:42 Jimmy Pike's life as an artist began in prison,
25:46 where he was serving a sentence (án tù) for murder (giết người).
25:49 The art teachers there recognized his talent
25:52 and gave him the technical skills (kỹ năng kỹ thuật) he needed to become a successful artist.
25:58 After Pike's release,
26:00 he started his own company,
26:02 aiming to create a product that would sell well commercially (thương mại)
26:05 but still retain (giữ lại) its Aboriginal (thổ dân) cultural identity (bản sắc văn hóa).
26:10 Eventually, he decided to bring his artwork onto textiles (vải dệt),
26:13 which were used to produce clothing.
26:16 The designs he selected were transferred onto cotton
26:19 and had both a strong linear character (đặc tính đường nét) and a good color range (dải màu).
26:25 Bronwyn Bancroft is one of the most successful Aboriginal (thổ dân) artists and designers to date.
26:31 She has produced a great deal of artwork and textiles (vải dệt),
26:34 and many of her paintings are held by Australian art galleries.
26:39 Her work reflects her Aboriginal (thổ dân) roots,
26:41 but always with a contemporary (đương đại), fresh view
26:45 of family and the natural environment (môi trường tự nhiên).
26:48 In 1995,
26:49 she was chosen by a charity (tổ chức từ thiện) organization
26:52 to paint a pair of jeans owned by Kathy Freeman,
26:56 a famous Aboriginal (thổ dân) Australian athlete.
26:59 She used imagery (hình ảnh) of lizards moving quickly over the Australian terrain (địa hình),
27:04 and she added a rainbow (cầu vồng),
27:06 which represents the optimism that Kathy symbolizes (tượng trưng) for all Aboriginal (thổ dân) people.
27:12 In 2001,
27:14 she was chosen to design costumes (trang phục) for the opening of the biggest street parade (cuộc diễu hành)
27:18 ever held in Australia,
27:20 the Journey of a Nation Parade (cuộc diễu hành).
27:23 The people in Bancroft's section of the parade (cuộc diễu hành) all wore an outfit she designed.
27:28 It featured the image of a snake
27:30 that had no head or tail
27:32 to represent an ongoing culture (văn hóa liên tục).
27:36 Exploitation (Sự khai thác) of creative work can be a problem for any artist,
27:41 and copyright (bản quyền) laws exist to protect individual artists
27:45 from the unauthorized (không được phép) use of his or her work.
27:51 This issue is often more complex (phức tạp) for Aboriginal (thổ dân) artists
27:55 as the symbols (biểu tượng) and motifs (họa tiết) used in their designs
27:58 also hold cultural significance for them.
28:02 An example of this was when a businessman had rugs made overseas,
28:07 incorporating images stolen from Aboriginal (thổ dân) paintings.
28:11 The carpet case, as it became known,
28:14 was taken to court where luckily the artists won.
28:22Narrator That is the end of section four.
28:24 You'll now have half a minute to check your answers.
--- End of Transcript ---
Từ vựng · 47 từ
Aboriginalthổ dân
indigenousbản địa
Aboriginalsthổ dân
fiberssợi
fabricvải
traditionaltruyền thống
textilesvải dệt
craftthủ công
boutiquevải batik
Indonesian methodphương pháp của Indonesia
Screen printingin lưới
commissionedđược ủy thác
furnituređồ nội thất
tourist destinationsđịa điểm du lịch nổi tiếng
motifshọa tiết
culturevăn hóa
legendstruyền thuyết
dynamicnăng động
fabricsvải
influencedbị ảnh hưởng
landscapephong cảnh
desertsa mạc
acrylic paintsơn acrylic
oil pastelsphấn dầu
sentenceán tù
murdergiết người
technical skillskỹ năng kỹ thuật
commerciallythương mại
retaingiữ lại
cultural identitybản sắc văn hóa
linear characterđặc tính đường nét
color rangedải màu
contemporaryđương đại
natural environmentmôi trường tự nhiên
charitytổ chức từ thiện
imageryhình ảnh
terrainđịa hình
rainbowcầu vồng
symbolizestượng trưng
costumestrang phục
paradecuộc diễu hành
ongoing culturevăn hóa liên tục
ExploitationSự khai thác
copyrightbản quyền
unauthorizedkhông được phép
complexphức tạp
symbolsbiểu tượng