SECTION 1
42 dòng · 0 người nói · 9 từ vựng
01:37Mrs. Chandler: Manor Farm, hello.
01:39Ben Miller: Hi there. I'd like to apply (ứng tuyển) to do fruit picking this summer.
01:43Mrs. Chandler: Oh hello. I'm Mrs. Chandler. My husband and I own Manor Farm. Let me take some details. I'll just get a form to fill in. Hold on.
01:53Ben Miller: Sure.
01:55Mrs. Chandler: Sorry. Right. Your name is?
01:59Ben Miller: It's Ben Miller.
02:27Mrs. Chandler: Manor Farm, hello.
02:29Ben Miller: Hi there. I'd like to apply to do fruit picking this summer.
02:33Mrs. Chandler: Oh hello. I'm Mrs. Chandler. My husband and I own Manor Farm. Let me take some details. I'll just get a form to fill in. Hold on.
02:43Ben Miller: Sure.
02:45Mrs. Chandler: Sorry. Right. Your name is?
02:49Ben Miller: It's Ben Miller.
02:51Mrs. Chandler: And where are you from?
02:53Ben Miller: I'm from the USA.
02:55Mrs. Chandler: Fine.
02:57Mrs. Chandler: Um, can I ask your age?
03:00Ben Miller: I'm 20. You only take people over the age of 16, don't you?
03:05Mrs. Chandler: Yes, that's right. Are you able to work in the UK?
03:09Ben Miller: Sorry?
03:10Mrs. Chandler: I mean, do you have a visa?
03:12Ben Miller: Oh yeah, I have a thing called a blue card. It's valid (có hiệu lực) until November.
03:18Mrs. Chandler: That's fine then. We'll need fruit pickers from the middle of June until the end of September. What's your availability (khả năng làm việc)?
03:26Ben Miller: When can I work? Um, I'd like to do July, August and September, and could do October if there's any work then.
03:36Mrs. Chandler: Okay. Did you find out about us through our website?
03:41Ben Miller: That's right. It's much easier than going through an agency (công ty môi giới).
04:37Ben Miller: I see you need most pickers in September for apples and pears, but the whole picking season can last about 16 weeks.
04:45Mrs. Chandler: Well, yes, but it's a question of the weather. That determines (quyết định) how much fruit we grow, of course. That's why I can't give you exact picking dates now.
04:54Ben Miller: I see. Oh well, no problem. Can you tell me what pickers earn?
05:00Mrs. Chandler: Well, that depends on age. The rate is £4.50 an hour for the under-18s, but as you're over 18, it would rise to £5.60 an hour.
05:13Ben Miller: Uh-huh. Your website says that you don't provide accommodation for pickers, so I guess I should arrange that in advance.
05:21Mrs. Chandler: Yes. There is no accommodation (chỗ ở) on the farm, but there is a campsite about 15 minutes away.
05:28Ben Miller: Is that walking distance? What do you think? Uh, no, maybe I should bring my bike to get around.
05:36Mrs. Chandler: Yes, we always recommend that. Some pickers bring a car, but then find the roads rather narrow, and the bus is very infrequent (không thường xuyên).
05:46Mrs. Chandler: Do you have any questions?
05:49Ben Miller: I know that fruit picking is hard work, but is there anything special I need to bring with me?
05:56Mrs. Chandler: Well, firstly, documentation (giấy tờ) is extremely important. We will need proof of age, so we'll expect to see your passport. Pickers without one won't be allowed to work.
06:07Ben Miller: Oh, even if their age is written on their driving license?
06:11Mrs. Chandler: Sorry, a driving license isn't suitable.
06:14Ben Miller: Fair enough. I guess some lunch is provided for all the hungry fruit pickers.
06:20Mrs. Chandler: I'm afraid not. You'll need to bring your own food for lunch and, more importantly, enough water to last a full day. It can get very hot, so drinking is vital (quan trọng).
06:32Ben Miller: Right. Like back home. Okay, well, thanks for all the information. What happens now?
06:40Mrs. Chandler: Well, I'll post a contract to you at the end...
Từ vựng · 9 từ
applyứng tuyển
validcó hiệu lực
availabilitykhả năng làm việc
agencycông ty môi giới
determinesquyết định
accommodationchỗ ở
infrequentkhông thường xuyên
documentationgiấy tờ
vitalquan trọng
SECTION 2
17 dòng · 0 người nói · 11 từ vựng
08:20Manager: Good evening and welcome to Carrara's brand new Sports and Leisure Centre (trung tâm giải trí). Um, first, I'll tell you about our facilities (cơ sở vật chất), then feel free to wander around the centre.
08:30Manager: Now, as you can see from the map I've given you, we're sitting in our cafe, which we hope will be a favorite place to visit after exercising.
08:40Manager: To one side of us, and right in front of you as you enter the complex, is the shop. Be sure to have a look in there later, as we've got some great opening specials on footwear.
08:52Manager: On the other side of the cafe, and ideally situated (có vị trí lý tưởng) between the cafe and the child-minding (dịch vụ trông trẻ) facilities, we have the playground. You can sit and relax there while your kids have a great time on the equipment.
09:06Manager: And our childcare facilities are available to anyone using the centre.
09:12Manager: Let's talk a little bit about our heated swimming pool, which is also near the entrance. On the other side from the cafe, it has a 5-meter water slide, which will be very popular with kids of all ages. And in the corner, nearest the changing rooms, we have a high-tech (công nghệ cao) hot spa (bồn tắm nước nóng). The water is heated to 38 degrees centigrade, which is the ideal temperature to relax tired muscles after a workout (buổi tập luyện).
09:40Manager: So, where can you do these workouts? Well, we have a large weights room located at the cafe end of the administration block (khu nhà hành chính). In the weights room, you'll find all the latest equipment. We also have trainers there who can put a program together for you.
09:58Manager: Another place to get a good workout is in the gym, which is shown on the map to the right of the changing rooms. There will be all sorts of classes offered there.
10:10Manager: Our aim is to provide all your exercise and recovery needs. So, as well as the spa to help aching bodies, we also have a special area for massage. It's in the funny-shaped room close to the administration area. Its distinctive shape has already led to the nickname of the bullet room. We'll be offering Swedish and Chinese massage there, and we'll offer physiotherapy in the future.
11:17Manager: Now, let me tell you something about our different memberships.
11:21Manager: Firstly, we offer different types of membership to cater for different needs. If you are a fitness freak, then choose our all-in membership. This gives you access to everything in the centre: all the classes and sports. It's usually our most expensive option, but for a short time, we're offering 12 months for the price of nine, which is a huge saving.
11:46Manager: If you prefer just the gym classes, you may want to consider the gym and weights package. It works out at $10 a week, which is good value.
11:56Manager: If you just want to swim, then we recommend getting the Swim Plus membership. With this, you have unlimited use of the pool and spa.
12:06Manager: The other package we've reduced for this month only is the off-peak (ngoài giờ cao điểm). This is aimed at people who are happy to come at less busy times.
12:16Manager: And finally, we have the Family Pack. We believe in keeping the whole family fit and healthy, so this package works out cheaper than buying it separately. Your flyer has details of all the prices.
12:30Manager: So, anyone who signs up for a new membership tonight will receive two fantastic presents from us. We wanted to make these rewards something different from the norm (tiêu chuẩn thông thường). We could have just chosen a towel for you to use in the gym or some clothing from the shop, but we wanted to show our appreciation by giving you something special. So, not only are we going to give you a voucher (phiếu quà tặng) for a session in our massage centre - a great way to unwind after your workout - but you'll also get this great device that measures your heart rate.
13:06Manager: And finally, just for turning up tonight, we'd like to give everyone here a drink bottle to take away with them. That's all I wanted to say.
Từ vựng · 11 từ
Leisure Centretrung tâm giải trí
facilitiescơ sở vật chất
ideally situatedcó vị trí lý tưởng
child-mindingdịch vụ trông trẻ
high-techcông nghệ cao
spabồn tắm nước nóng
workoutbuổi tập luyện
administration blockkhu nhà hành chính
off-peakngoài giờ cao điểm
normtiêu chuẩn thông thường
voucherphiếu quà tặng
SECTION 3
27 dòng · 0 người nói · 22 từ vựng
15:03Tutor: Okay, for this week's assignment, you're going to assess (đánh giá) the value survey (khảo sát) on house prices. What were the survey's findings? Was it a reliable (đáng tin cậy) survey? Work in pairs, discuss what you've read, and generate (tạo ra) some ideas for the assignment.
15:20James: All right. Shall we work together, Anna?
15:23Anna: Sure, James. So, um, first, how did the value survey actually measure the cost of houses? Because there are lots of ways of calculating it.
15:33James: Well, it looked at all houses, didn't it? New and old. So it started with average incomes across the whole workforce and then worked out house prices in relation to that. I mean, to what people were earning.
15:45Anna: So it's about affordability (khả năng chi trả). What people pay in real terms. But there's no information about the size of a house a typical family can buy.
15:54James: No, that's a limitation (hạn chế). Okay, then in the assignment, we should give some background. I mean, what's different about the value survey?
16:04Anna: Yeah. There's lots of these surveys every year. Value is actually one of the newer ones, but it stands out because it gives figures for a range of the largest urban centres, which none of the others do.
16:16James: Okay, good point. Then one finding was that New Zealand houses are relatively expensive. Why is that? Because most of them are built of wood, and that's quite cheap.
16:27Anna: Yeah, it is. But the problem is there are too many regulations and restrictions about where you can build.
16:34James: So if more building sites were created for housing, the costs would come down. That's it, isn't it? Because there are plenty of contractors (nhà thầu) ready to do the work.
16:43Anna: Exactly. So, um, what else?
16:47James: Well, what about transport? I mean, it's all very well to talk about new housing, but how are people going to get there? Is the survey proposing new roads, new rail networks? It should be a coordinated (được phối hợp) approach.
16:59Anna: Yeah, but the survey didn't mention it. It's a missed opportunity because a commitment to funding public transport from the outset would improve air quality in our cities.
17:09James: True. Okay, then. The next survey, what can we expect? It'll look at all the same places, right?
17:16Anna: Exactly the same. But the next one will give an idea of the way prices are moving.
17:22James: The government may have to think about how house prices are affecting society.
18:08Anna: Then in the assignment, we need to evaluate how reliable the survey was. So we should look at some of the criticisms (chỉ trích) made by commentators.
18:16James: Okay. So there's the economist Andrew Coleman. He actually questioned whether the survey was money well spent because it only looked at a single year in isolation (riêng lẻ). A year when it was difficult to borrow money to buy a house, pushing up costs. So he thought the survey should consider a longer time frame (khung thời gian). Did you get that article by Professor Massey? Because he's the leading authority (chuyên gia) on this topic.
18:40Anna: Yeah, interesting. He realized the method used to calculate how much money people had didn't take savings (tiền tiết kiệm) into account. So actually, people looking for a house were richer than the survey shows, making houses cheaper in real terms.
18:54James: All right. Then Richard Bernard, his criticism was original. He found out they were using quite outdated (lỗi thời) software to process (xử lý) all the information they gathered, which was crazy because they actually had the money available for an upgrade. So even though it was a highly regarded (được đánh giá cao) team of people, the way the statistics were interpreted (diễn giải) was open to question.
19:15Anna: Okay, then Professor Lounds. He thought the report was just badly written.
19:20James: That's right. After all the work that went into gathering valid (hợp lệ) information, the finished report was just too long and weakly structured (cấu trúc lỏng lẻo). And there was too much unnecessary (không cần thiết) detail.
19:30Anna: And the last one, Maria Darling. She made a point about the properties that were evaluated.
19:36James: There weren't enough of them, you mean?
19:37Anna: No, it wasn't that, but they were never identified for privacy reasons. But she thought the actual properties used should have been revealed, you know? The process should have been transparent (minh bạch) if the people are going to have full confidence in the survey.
19:51James: Right. So a lot of criticism.
19:53Anna: Yeah, but this sort of research is often controversial (gây tranh cãi).
Từ vựng · 22 từ
assessđánh giá
surveykhảo sát
reliableđáng tin cậy
generatetạo ra
affordabilitykhả năng chi trả
limitationhạn chế
contractorsnhà thầu
coordinatedđược phối hợp
criticismschỉ trích
isolationriêng lẻ
time framekhung thời gian
authoritychuyên gia
savingstiền tiết kiệm
outdatedlỗi thời
processxử lý
highly regardedđược đánh giá cao
interpreteddiễn giải
validhợp lệ
weakly structuredcấu trúc lỏng lẻo
unnecessarykhông cần thiết
transparentminh bạch
controversialgây tranh cãi
SECTION 4
14 dòng · 0 người nói · 28 từ vựng
22:03Lecturer: So now we're going to look at some of the reasons why it's beneficial (có lợi) to include drama activities, such as role-play (đóng vai), in your teaching practice in a range of subject areas.
22:15Lecturer: There's a lot of evidence to show that drama helps a child's personal development (phát triển cá nhân).
22:21Lecturer: Firstly, creating the space for children to express (thể hiện) themselves freely in a group situation helps to give them confidence in their own opinions and ideas. And of course, drama activities can work especially well for shy or introverted (hướng nội) children, who usually don't participate in other types of classroom situations.
22:45Lecturer: Secondly, unscripted (không có kịch bản) improvisation (ứng tác) activities, where children work from their imagination, if done in a supportive (có tính hỗ trợ) way, give children the opportunity to gain experience in taking risks and encourage them to say things that they might normally be afraid to say.
23:06Lecturer: Drama can also support the child's educational development. For example, the emphasis placed on cooperative (hợp tác) activities in drama means that group members must learn the value of listening to one another. Being involved in any sort of performance which relies on everyone working together and playing their part also helps children to be responsible (có trách nhiệm), not only for their learning but for their general behavior. These are just a couple of ways in which drama can benefit a child's learning.
23:45Lecturer: Now I'd like to look at how role-play can be such a valuable learning tool in the classroom.
23:52Lecturer: The value of role-play for children who are having difficulties as a means of therapy (liệu pháp) is now widely accepted. The experience of doing a role-play where children act out aspects of their own life without explicitly (một cách rõ ràng) stating that it is a direct representation (sự thể hiện) of their own experiences can help children to judge their own behavior in an objective (khách quan) way.
24:17Lecturer: One obvious example would be doing a role reversal (đảo ngược vai trò) with a bully role-playing a victim (nạn nhân). Because this approach doesn't involve direct confrontation (đối đầu), it may help the bully to see his or her behavior in a different light.
24:32Lecturer: More generally, role-play also allows the teacher to explore potentially controversial (gây tranh cãi) or taboo (cấm kỵ) subjects in a safe setting in which children feel at ease. It's obviously essential for children to feel they won't be criticized or judged (phán xét) for voicing certain views.
24:52Lecturer: Getting children to examine their thoughts and opinions carefully can lead to a deeper self-knowledge (sự tự nhận thức) and a stronger awareness of morality (đạo đức). This is an important factor in developing social skills (kỹ năng xã hội).
25:07Lecturer: Let's look at a specific subject area now and think about how drama can enrich (làm phong phú) the learning process for the study of history. Bringing characters from the past to life in the classroom by doing classroom drama activities is an easy way to improve the level of the children's participation in the lesson.
25:28Lecturer: So, drama in the history classroom makes for a livelier atmosphere, but getting children to reenact (tái hiện) scenes from history can also be extremely useful, as it helps them to remember what happened and why it was important, as well as helping to bring the past alive.
25:48Lecturer: Another way of doing this is to ask children to find solutions (giải pháp) to historical problems (vấn đề lịch sử) using role-play. This can help to focus attention on why certain decisions were taken. For example, children can be asked to decide how best to defend their town from attack or where to build a new settlement.
26:11Lecturer: Okay. What I'd like to do now is to think about your next teaching practice session and in groups, discuss how you would incorporate (kết hợp) an element of drama into your lesson plan.
Từ vựng · 28 từ
beneficialcó lợi
role-playđóng vai
personal developmentphát triển cá nhân
expressthể hiện
introvertedhướng nội
unscriptedkhông có kịch bản
improvisationứng tác
supportivecó tính hỗ trợ
cooperativehợp tác
responsiblecó trách nhiệm
therapyliệu pháp
explicitlymột cách rõ ràng
representationsự thể hiện
objectivekhách quan
role reversalđảo ngược vai trò
victimnạn nhân
confrontationđối đầu
controversialgây tranh cãi
taboocấm kỵ
judgedphán xét
self-knowledgesự tự nhận thức
moralityđạo đức
social skillskỹ năng xã hội
enrichlàm phong phú
reenacttái hiện
solutionsgiải pháp
historical problemsvấn đề lịch sử
incorporatekết hợp