Section 1
104 dòng · 3 người nói · 18 từ vựng
00:00Narrator Part one.
00:02 You will hear a man who runs a volunteer agency (cơ quan) interviewing a woman called Grace who is applying to do volunteer (tình nguyện) work.
00:10 First, you have some time to look at questions one to five.
00:39 Now listen carefully and answer questions one to five.
00:47William Hello, Grace.
00:48 I'm William.
00:49 Thanks for coming in for this interview. It's very important for us to meet our volunteers in person (trực tiếp).
00:55Grace I understand.
00:56 It's no problem at all.
00:58William Okay.
00:59 Let's get started.
01:01 What's the best phone number to contact you on?
01:03Grace My mobile phone's probably best.
01:07 The number's 021
01:09 636
01:10 7189.
01:13 But I can't always answer it during the day.
01:16 I'll give you my email address as well.
01:19 I check it frequently.
01:20William Okay.
01:21 I'll make a note that email's a good way to contact you.
01:24 What's the address?
01:26Grace It's graceb@travel.co.nz.
01:32 I chose it when I was younger and I just haven't changed it since.
01:36William It's easy to remember.
01:38 Now, do you have any particular qualifications (bằng cấp), Grace?
01:42Grace I'm a housewife now, but I used to be in teaching.
01:45 I trained for that and got my diploma (bằng cấp), although I haven't done it for years.
01:50 Before having children, I worked as a bank teller (giao dịch viên).
01:53William All right.
01:55 I need to find out when you'll be available (có sẵn) during the week.
01:58 You said you have children.
02:00 Are they at school?
02:01Grace Yes, both of them are.
02:03 So I can't start work before 8:15 in the morning
02:07 or work past three o'clock in the afternoon.
02:10William So you'd be looking for about four or five hours a day, say 9:15 a.m. to 2 p.m.
02:17 That gives you time to get to and from school to work.
02:19Grace That's perfect.
02:21 It's important for me to be there for my children.
02:24William Of course.
02:25 And are you looking to work Monday to Friday?
02:27Grace Yes.
02:28 If it gets to be too much, I can rethink it later.
02:31William Now, Grace,
02:32 you obviously (rõ ràng) have a lot of work experience, but have you done any volunteer (tình nguyện) work before?
02:37Grace Um, during the Rugby World Cup,
02:40 there were many visitors who didn't know their way around or what they should see and do in Auckland City.
02:47 So I worked as a guide (hướng dẫn viên) to help introduce the city to tourists (khách du lịch).
02:51 I really enjoyed it.
02:52William Okay, good.
02:54 Have you done anything else?
02:56 Perhaps when you were at school or university?
02:59 Did you do any volunteer (tình nguyện) work there?
03:01Grace When I was at university,
03:03 the manager of a netball team asked me to be the coach (huấn luyện viên) and I did that.
03:07William Great.
03:08 It sounds like you like your sports.
03:10Grace I used to, but not so much nowadays (ngày nay).
03:13William Okay.
03:16Narrator Before you hear the rest of the conversation, you have some time to look at questions 6 to 10.
03:48 Now listen and answer questions 6 to 10.
03:55William If not sports, do you have any other interests?
03:57Grace Oh, yes.
03:58 I love to get out in my garden, and I grow most of my own vegetables.
04:02 I love flowers and flower arranging.
04:05 But I don't suppose there's much volunteer (tình nguyện) work associated (liên quan) with those kinds of things.
04:10William You'd be surprised.
04:12 Any other hobbies?
04:13Grace Like most people, I guess, I like music.
04:16 Actually, I can play the guitar,
04:18 but I haven't done much for a while, so I'm a bit rusty (lụt nghề).
04:22 One day, I'd like to have a go at the flute (sáo).
04:26William Okay.
04:27 That gives me a good idea of the type of work you might be interested in.
04:32 Ideally, it'd be something that combines your experience and your hobbies.
04:37 If you're interested in something outdoors, I have a position helping out on a farm.
04:42 That's just for a month.
04:44 It's not too physically demanding (đòi hỏi thể chất),
04:45 though it does require you to be on your feet all day.
04:49 And it would be nice as long as the weather is fine,
04:51 but I imagine it could be uncomfortable in the rain or the heat.
04:55 In the past, we've had many positions working in community centers.
04:59 They've been working with the disabled (người khuyết tật) or teens.
05:03 The position we have available (có sẵn) now is with elderly men and women.
05:07 They have activities like flower arranging, music lessons, sing-alongs, things like that.
05:13Grace Both of those sound great.
05:15 I'm really open to anything.
05:17William That's nice to know.
05:19 Just a couple more questions.
05:21 Why do you want to do volunteer (tình nguyện) work?
05:23Grace Well,
05:24 now that both my children are in school, I'd like to make some friends as I've got the time on my hands.
05:30 Also, I like the idea of helping others.
05:33William And last question,
05:35 how did you find our agency (cơ quan)?
05:36 We aren't in the phone book.
05:39 Did a friend tell you about us?
05:41Grace No, I was on my way to school the other day
05:43 and I saw your advertisement (quảng cáo) at the supermarket.
05:47William It's good to know someone sees those ads.
05:49 Thank you again for coming in.
05:53Narrator That is the end of part one.
05:57 You now have one minute to check your answers to part one.
Từ vựng · 18 từ
agencycơ quan
volunteertình nguyện
in persontrực tiếp
qualificationsbằng cấp
diplomabằng cấp
tellergiao dịch viên
availablecó sẵn
obviouslyrõ ràng
guidehướng dẫn viên
touristskhách du lịch
coachhuấn luyện viên
nowadaysngày nay
associatedliên quan
rustylụt nghề
flutesáo
physically demandingđòi hỏi thể chất
disabledngười khuyết tật
advertisementquảng cáo
Section 2
69 dòng · 2 người nói · 25 từ vựng
06:10Narrator Part two.
06:12 You will hear the owner (chủ sở hữu) of a strawberry farm talking to a group of new employees (nhân viên).
06:18 First you have some time to look at questions 11 to 14.
06:53 Now listen carefully and answer questions 11 to 14.
07:01Peter Blakewell Hello, my name's Peter Blakewell and I'm the owner (chủ sở hữu) of the strawberry farm.
07:05 All of you are starting work here next week, so I thought it'd be helpful if I explained a bit about the farm and what you'll be doing.
07:13 Well, the farm operates (hoạt động) all year round, but summer is when we open to the public (công chúng)
07:18 and people come here to pick their own strawberries as a family activity (hoạt động).
07:23 It's also our busiest (bận rộn nhất) period, which is why we need you for the next few months.
07:29 Well, first up, what do you need to bring for a long day?
07:34 You'll be working outside a lot, so fill up your water bottles at home and have them with you at all times.
07:40 You'll come in for lunch at around 1 o'clock.
07:42 We'll be putting sandwiches out for you.
07:45 And there's also short morning and afternoon breaks.
07:50 Gloves should be worn at all times.
07:52 You'll find them in the packing shed.
07:54 Just make sure they get returned, please.
07:57 Now, if for some reason you can't come into work, there's a procedure (thủ tục) to follow.
08:02 There's no point phoning the office.
08:04 By the time someone picks up your message, it'll be too late to find a replacement (người thay thế).
08:08 You need to get hold of the duty manager (quản lý trực).
08:11 Phone and speak to him directly,
08:13 and he'll let your team leader know you're going to be off.
08:18 Before I forget,
08:19 last year we had a problem with customers getting to the checkouts (quầy thanh toán) and not realizing (nhận ra) how much they have to pay per kilo for the strawberries.
08:28 But we've got signs with price lists all around the farm this year, so that's been dealt with.
08:33 One annoying thing is people taking baskets (rổ) out of the shop and leaving them in the car park or, worse, taking them home.
08:40 They're expensive (đắt tiền) to replace, so
08:42 please keep an eye on them.
08:45 If you're in the fields, no doubt you'll see people popping a couple of strawberries into their mouths, but
08:50 we don't need to worry about this too much.
08:54 I should mention the benefits (lợi ích) of working here.
08:56 For a start,
08:57 you get to take home a good-sized carton of strawberries at no charge (miễn phí).
09:02 Your family members can also get 15% off the fruit they pick.
09:07 Discounts (giảm giá) don't apply to the gift shop (cửa hàng quà tặng), I'm afraid.
09:12Narrator Before you hear the rest of the talk, you have some time to look at questions 15 to 20.
09:49 Now listen and answer questions 15 to 20.
09:56Peter Blakewell Alright, let's look at the map you all have to give you an idea of the farm's layout (bố cục).
10:02 We'll start with the staff room.
10:04 See the main building?
10:05 The entrance (lối vào) is at the bottom of your map.
10:08 Well, above the main building on the map is a row of three smaller buildings.
10:14 The staff room is the middle one.
10:16 If you need to go to administration (hành chính), that's easy to find.
10:19 In the main building, you've got the three checkout desks (quầy thanh toán) in the bottom right hand corner
10:25 and the cafe (quán cà phê) in the top corner.
10:27 In the other large inside area is the shop, so administration (hành chính)
10:31 is the other room there.
10:33 It's in the top left-hand corner.
10:37 Um, some of you were working in the packing shed.
10:40 You see where the main building is and then at the top of the map,
10:45 there are the round water tanks, four of them.
10:48 The packing shed is the bigger of the two buildings directly below the tanks on your map.
10:53 Not easy work, but at least you'll be in the shade.
10:58 If you're driving to work, you'll need to know where the staff car park is.
11:01 So that's to the left of the main building, the area nearest the bottom of the map.
11:07 Park there and then either use the front entrance (lối vào)
11:10 or that little door on the left of the main building.
11:14 Right, let's talk about where the customers can and can't pick their own strawberries.
11:20 They're not allowed to enter the commercial (thương mại) growing areas and you can see area one already marked on your map.
11:27 That means there are two sections where customers are allowed to pick their own fruit.
11:32 The section with strawberries that are ready to pick now, the ripe (chín) strawberries,
11:36 that's the L-shaped section right at the top of the map on the left.
11:41 The unripe (chưa chín) strawberries will be ready in about three weeks, so that section,
11:47 it's above commercial (thương mại) growing area one and you can see it from the cafe (quán cà phê).
11:52 Okay, so does anyone have any questions about that?
11:57Narrator That is the end of part two.
12:00 You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to part two.
Từ vựng · 25 từ
ownerchủ sở hữu
employeesnhân viên
operateshoạt động
publiccông chúng
activityhoạt động
busiestbận rộn nhất
procedurethủ tục
replacementngười thay thế
duty managerquản lý trực
checkoutsquầy thanh toán
realizingnhận ra
basketsrổ
expensiveđắt tiền
benefitslợi ích
no chargemiễn phí
Discountsgiảm giá
gift shopcửa hàng quà tặng
layoutbố cục
entrancelối vào
administrationhành chính
checkout desksquầy thanh toán
cafequán cà phê
commercialthương mại
ripechín
unripechưa chín
Section 3
93 dòng · 3 người nói · 36 từ vựng
12:32Narrator Part three.
12:34 You will hear an engi neering (kỹ thuật) student called Kathy discussing (thảo luận) a piece of work with her tutor (người hướng dẫn).
12:41 First, you have some time to look at questions 21 to 26.
13:37 Now listen carefully and answer questions 21 to 26.
13:46Tutor Hello, Cathy.
13:47 How's your dissertation (luận văn) on water pumps going?
13:50Cathy Not too bad, thanks.
13:52 I'm getting on well with the literature review (tổng quan tài liệu) now
13:55 and my lab work's fine so far.
13:57Tutor Oh, that's good.
13:58 Remember, you should aim to have your results section completed by the end of next month,
14:03 so there's plenty of time to finalize (hoàn thành) the whole thing by the summer deadline (hạn chót).
14:08 Anyway, looks like you're on track.
14:12 I've been through your first chapter now and I was quite impressed (ấn tượng).
14:15Cathy Oh, that's a relief (sự nhẹ nhõm).
14:17Tutor Well, sometimes your sentences are a little long and overly complex (quá phức tạp),
14:21 but the overall structure (cấu trúc) of the piece is very clear.
14:25 I'd recommend (giới thiệu) you get a critical (phê bình) friend to go through it with you.
14:29 Then,
14:30 once you've built in citations (trích dẫn) of other work in the field, I think it'll be pretty good.
14:35Cathy Oh, thanks.
14:37 I was pleased I decided to focus on water pumps.
14:41Tutor You seem to be testing an appropriate (phù hợp) range of pump design.
14:46 Lots of students make the mistake of either restricting (hạn chế) their range too much
14:50 or, conversely (ngược lại), not narrowing (thu hẹp) it down enough.
14:54 You've managed to avoid those twin traps.
14:57 However, I think you'd get more convincing (thuyết phục) results if you took some additional measurements (đo lường).
15:03 I've noted exactly what I mean on your work.
15:06Cathy Yes, I thought that might be necessary.
15:09 And I know I need to get down to some more library work too.
15:13Tutor Well, I don't think that's essential (cần thiết) at the moment.
15:16Cathy Oh, right.
15:17 So what do you suggest I do next?
15:20 Repeat my last experiment using different variables (biến số)?
15:26Tutor Well, you could have a word with James Higgins tomorrow.
15:29 He's coming here to give a lecture (bài giảng) on hydraulics (thủy lực học) to the faculty (khoa)
15:33 and it would be a great chance to have a chat with him,
15:37 especially as your experimental (thí nghiệm) work has drawn so heavily from his last article in the British Engineering Journal.
15:45Cathy Oh, fantastic.
15:46Tutor And you never know how successful a chat with him might turn out to be.
15:51 I got my first research post when I was a final-year student,
15:54 and asked a visiting professor to explain what he meant in some article he'd written.
16:00 So I urge all my students to take any such opportunity that arises.
16:05Cathy But times have changed.
16:07 People like that are too busy to talk to mere students these days.
16:12Tutor I don't know about that.
16:14 Anyway, is there anything else I can help with?
16:17 Any practical information about layout perhaps?
16:20Cathy Well, I suppose I'm a bit unsure about how the bibliography (thư mục tài liệu tham khảo) should be presented (trình bày).
16:26Tutor Hmm.
16:27Cathy Mind you, I can just check what's normally done in journal articles, so that's not something to bother you with.
16:34 I'd welcome some guidance though about what I should or shouldn't include in the appendices (phụ lục).
16:41 I know some things,
16:43 some of my data tables (bảng dữ liệu) or details of specs (thông số kỹ thuật) perhaps,
16:47 are not really needed in the main body of the text and I'm likely to be pushed for words there.
16:53Tutor Okay, I can certainly help you with that.
16:56 But it will take a while, so can we deal with that next week?
17:01 I've got that solar panel seminar to go into in a few minutes.
17:05 There's plenty of work you can be carrying on with in the meantime.
17:08Cathy Sure, that's no problem.
17:10 I think I'll go and investigate the latest version of the CAD software
17:14 to see if it might help with my pump design experiments at all.
17:21Narrator Before you hear the rest of the discussion, you have some time to look at questions 27 to 30.
17:58Tutor Before you go, though, I'd like quickly to run through what you should be doing over the next few months,
18:05 not just for your dissertation (luận văn), but also to help your chances of getting the research post you'd like.
18:11 Is that okay with you?
18:13Cathy Yes, that would be really helpful.
18:15Tutor Well, you certainly need to become a member of the Mechanical Engineers' Society.
18:21 And then you'll be able to go along to their meetings.
18:24 There, you must make a point of making yourself known to various people like Professor Jones.
18:31 He's the current president and is very approachable.
18:35Cathy Okay, so I could do some networking (kết nối) there.
18:38Tutor Exactly.
18:39 Also, I think you should try to set up some visits to industry (ngành công nghiệp).
18:43 Go to a lot of different workplaces just to see how things are done.
18:48 It's actually a very good way of making sure you're familiar with the cutting edge (công nghệ tiên tiến) of what's going on.
18:54 Textbooks, even academic articles, sometimes lag behind (tụt hậu) industry (ngành công nghiệp).
19:00Cathy That sounds really interesting.
19:02 Also, I'd love the chance to do a bit of work abroad (nước ngoài) for a while.
19:07Tutor Well, that's actually the next thing I was going to recommend.
19:10 I'm sure we could set up a month for you in either the States or Canada
19:15 and that would be a great way to find out how things are done elsewhere.
19:19Cathy That would be good.
19:20 Thank you.
19:21Tutor And the last thing I was going to suggest was that you could go to the European Water Engineering Conference being held in Spain in May.
19:29Cathy I could even present my dissertation (luận văn) there.
19:32Tutor Yes.
19:33Cathy Oh, thank you so much.
19:35 That's all really helpful.
19:36Tutor Good.
19:37 So now if we pop
19:41Narrator That is the end of part three.
19:44 You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to part three.
Từ vựng · 36 từ
neeringkỹ thuật
discussingthảo luận
tutorngười hướng dẫn
dissertationluận văn
literature reviewtổng quan tài liệu
finalizehoàn thành
deadlinehạn chót
impressedấn tượng
reliefsự nhẹ nhõm
overly complexquá phức tạp
structurecấu trúc
recommendgiới thiệu
criticalphê bình
citationstrích dẫn
appropriatephù hợp
restrictinghạn chế
converselyngược lại
narrowingthu hẹp
convincingthuyết phục
measurementsđo lường
essentialcần thiết
variablesbiến số
lecturebài giảng
hydraulicsthủy lực học
facultykhoa
experimentalthí nghiệm
bibliographythư mục tài liệu tham khảo
presentedtrình bày
appendicesphụ lục
data tablesbảng dữ liệu
specsthông số kỹ thuật
networkingkết nối
industryngành công nghiệp
cutting edgecông nghệ tiên tiến
lag behindtụt hậu
abroadnước ngoài
Section 4
91 dòng · 2 người nói · 46 từ vựng
20:04Narrator Part four.
20:06 You will hear part of a lecture (bài giảng) about American salt marshes (đầm lầy mặn), which are areas of lowland (vùng đất thấp) found near the sea.
20:13 First you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
21:17 Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
21:25Lecturer Right.
21:26 This morning, I want to give you a brief introduction to a different kind of habitat (môi trường sống):
21:31 American salt marshes (đầm lầy mặn).
21:33 And then we'll examine a particular inhabitant of the marsh,
21:37 the horseshoe crab.
21:39 Okay.
21:40 So what are the defining features (đặc điểm xác định) of a salt marsh to begin with?
21:45 Well,
21:46 salt marshes (đầm lầy mặn) are found on the coast in various parts of the USA.
21:51 They are really areas between land and water.
21:55 Obviously, these are very wet areas
21:58 and the salinity (độ mặn),
22:00 that's the amount of salt in the water,
22:02 ranges from ocean-strength (nồng độ đại dương) to almost fresh,
22:06 in other words, very low indeed.
22:09 And the salt marshes (đầm lầy mặn) are affected by daily changes in sea levels.
22:14 The sea might wash in over them as frequently as twice a day, so the habitat (môi trường sống)
22:19 is constantly (liên tục) changing.
22:21 The amount of salt in the water rises and falls,
22:25 as does the depth and warmth of the water.
22:29 We'll be having a detailed look at the horseshoe crab in a moment,
22:34 but marshes provide plentiful (dồi dào) food for other creatures that feed there too,
22:38 such as worms and shrimps.
22:42 This food comes in the form of plants that thrive (phát triển mạnh) there.
22:46 Interestingly enough, 200 years ago,
22:49 the flow of water in marshland in the United States was controlled (kiểm soát) so that rice could be grown there.
22:57 Little is grown there today, but
22:59 50%
23:00 of coastal marshes are enclosed (bao bọc) artificially (nhân tạo)
23:03 in order to attract (thu hút) wild birds to the area.
23:07 And we'll be examining those too.
23:15 But before looking at the wildlife,
23:17 there are a few political issues (vấn đề chính trị) to make you aware of.
23:22 There are always controversial (gây tranh cãi) issues when humans decide to make changes to natural habitats (môi trường sống tự nhiên).
23:30 During the past 20 years, many objections (phản đối) have been voiced
23:33 to the building of artificial (nhân tạo) earth walls,
23:37 or dikes (đê) to use the correct term,
23:39 on salt marshes (đầm lầy mặn) to control the natural flow of sea water.
23:44 Since the walls restrict (hạn chế) the movement of high volumes of water,
23:48 this means that the natural habitat (môi trường sống tự nhiên) of local aquatic life (sinh vật dưới nước) is reduced.
23:53 And because the water is shallower,
23:56 the temperature of the water may rise significantly (đáng kể) during periods of low rainfall.
24:02 In addition, although the insects are very happy there,
24:06 many people are unhappy with the dikes (đê).
24:09 This isn't because they distract (làm sao lãng) from the natural beauty of the landscape (phong cảnh),
24:14 but because their presence means it's more difficult for walkers, who appreciate (đánh giá cao) the marshes,
24:20 to go where they want.
24:23 There is controversy (tranh cãi) over the different values placed on the resources (tài nguyên) of the marshes.
24:28 Some people would like to see them used more fully for hunting.
24:32 While others would like to see business permits (giấy phép) granted to allow for further development (phát triển).
24:38 Interestingly, in the mid-20th century,
24:41 marshes were not thought of as valuable (có giá trị) at all.
24:45 And over half of the salt marshes (đầm lầy mặn) in the USA were destroyed (phá hủy) at that time.
24:51 In the main,
24:52 this was due to filling the marshes to create more land for housing developments (khu dân cư)
24:56 and to control the mosquito population (quần thể muỗi).
25:00 However, state laws now do reflect (phản ánh) the importance
25:04 and growing appreciation (sự đánh giá cao) of marshes.
25:07 Not only as natural habitats (môi trường sống tự nhiên),
25:09 but also because they provide a natural barrier (rào cản) against storm damage (thiệt hại do bão)
25:14 and therefore limit the amount of land lost to the sea.
25:19 Right.
25:20 We'll be debating some of those issues in the seminars, but
25:24 let's now turn our attention to the horseshoe crab,
25:27 which is the focus (trọng tâm) of our study this morning.
25:31 Horseshoe crabs have changed very little in the last 350 million years.
25:37 I find them interesting in many ways because they are in fact
25:40 distant relatives (họ hàng xa) of the spider
25:42 and not crabs at all.
25:45 They look quite dangerous.
25:47 In fact, they are absolutely harmless (vô hại).
25:51 The horseshoe crab's main diet is one of shellfish (động vật có vỏ),
25:55 but they will eat worms too.
25:58 The crab places its food near its mouth,
26:01 in the center of its underside where its legs are attached,
26:04 and grinds (nghiền) and crushes (ép) it there.
26:08 It has five pairs of legs.
26:12 The female lays between 200 and 300 eggs and comes ashore (vào bờ) to do that.
26:18 This process takes place in spring,
26:21 before the sand heats up in the summer months.
26:25 Right.
26:26 What I'm going to do now is show you some photos...
26:33Narrator That is the end of part four.
26:36 You now have 45 seconds to check your answers to part four.
27:26 That is the end of the listening test.
27:29 You now have 10 minutes to transfer your answers to the listening answer sheet.
--- End of Transcript ---
Từ vựng · 46 từ
lecturebài giảng
salt marshesđầm lầy mặn
lowlandvùng đất thấp
habitatmôi trường sống
defining featuresđặc điểm xác định
salinityđộ mặn
ocean-strengthnồng độ đại dương
constantlyliên tục
plentifuldồi dào
thrivephát triển mạnh
controlledkiểm soát
enclosedbao bọc
artificiallynhân tạo
attractthu hút
political issuesvấn đề chính trị
controversialgây tranh cãi
natural habitatsmôi trường sống tự nhiên
objectionsphản đối
artificialnhân tạo
dikesđê
restricthạn chế
natural habitatmôi trường sống tự nhiên
aquatic lifesinh vật dưới nước
significantlyđáng kể
distractlàm sao lãng
landscapephong cảnh
appreciateđánh giá cao
controversytranh cãi
resourcestài nguyên
permitsgiấy phép
developmentphát triển
valuablecó giá trị
destroyedphá hủy
housing developmentskhu dân cư
mosquito populationquần thể muỗi
reflectphản ánh
appreciationsự đánh giá cao
barrierrào cản
storm damagethiệt hại do bão
focustrọng tâm
distant relativeshọ hàng xa
harmlessvô hại
shellfishđộng vật có vỏ
grindsnghiền
crushesép
ashorevào bờ