Section 1
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00:00Narrator You will hear a number of different recordings
00:02 and you will have to answer questions on what you hear.
00:06 There will be time for you to read the instructions and questions
00:10 and you will have a chance to check your work.
00:13 All the recordings will be played once only.
00:17 The test is in four parts.
00:20 Write all your answers in the listening question booklet.
00:24 At the end of the test,
00:26 you will be given 10 minutes to transfer your answers to an answer sheet.
00:32 Now turn to part one on page two of your question booklet.
00:41 Part one.
00:43 You will hear a woman called Jan
00:44 phoning a man about booking a place on a residential (nội trú) workshop (hội thảo).
00:49 First, you have some time to look at questions one to five.
01:19 Now listen carefully and answer questions one to five.
01:26Man Hello, Creative Center.
01:28Jan Hello there.
01:29 I'm phoning to book a place on your next two-day drama workshop (hội thảo).
01:34Man Okay.
01:35 Let me just check.
01:37 Um,
01:39 yes, we've still got room on that course.
01:41Jan Great.
01:43Man Can I have your full name?
01:45Jan Yes, it's Jan Creswick.
01:48 Uh, that's C-R-E-S-W-I-C-K.
01:53Man Thanks, Jan.
01:54 And are you coming on your own?
01:56Jan Yes.
01:58Man And have you done any of our courses before?
02:01Jan Yes, I did one a couple of years ago.
02:04Man Great.
02:05 So you may be on our computer records.
02:08 Um, which course did you do?
02:10Jan The Writing for the Theatre course.
02:13Man Okay.
02:15 Right, yes, here we are.
02:17 Oh, so that's 20 Gregory Avenue.
02:20Jan Uh, Gregory Place, actually.
02:23Man Okay, I'll correct that on the computer.
02:26 Uh-huh.
02:28 And can I ask if you work?
02:29Jan Yes.
02:30 I want to be an actor, but I'm working as a waitress (nữ bồi bàn) at the moment.
02:35Man After this course, who knows.
02:38 Right, back to the paperwork (giấy tờ).
02:40 So, we're enrolling (ghi danh) you on the two-day course that starts tomorrow,
02:45 the 30th of May.
02:47Jan Oh, uh, sorry, no, on the 13th of June.
02:50 I meant the one starting in two weeks.
02:52 Is that still all right?
02:54Man Oh, that's fine.
02:58Narrator Before you hear the rest of the conversation,
03:01 you have some time to look at question six to 10.
03:30 Now listen and answer questions six to 10.
03:37Jan Can you tell me something about accommodation (chỗ ở)?
03:39Man Yes.
03:40 People usually come the evening before the course starts.
03:44 The cost of the course includes accommodation (chỗ ở) for two nights.
03:48Jan Well, I'll make sure I'm there in good time so I can meet the others that evening and settle in.
03:54 Is 5:30 too early to arrive?
03:57Man No, that's fine.
03:58 And you'll finish no later than 5 o'clock on the last day.
04:02Jan Right.
04:03Man Okay.
04:05 Right, just a few other things.
04:07 Any dietary information we should know?
04:10 All the food is provided and we use organic produce (nông sản hữu cơ) as often as we can.
04:15Jan Oh, that sounds great.
04:17 But I don't eat anything that's made from milk.
04:20 I know that can be difficult.
04:23Man Oh, it's not a problem.
04:24 What about meat?
04:26 Do you eat that?
04:28Jan I don't eat much of it, but that's fine.
04:30 You don't need to note that.
04:32Man Sure.
04:33Jan Yes.
04:34 Hey, I am really looking forward to this.
04:37Man Great.
04:40 I don't know if you know this,
04:42 but we may divide into two groups in the afternoon if we have more than 16 people on the course.
04:47 If we do that, there'll be a choice of doing comic or what we call classic (kinh điển) work.
04:53Jan Oh, I'd always go with comedy.
04:56 I'm much more interested in that.
04:58Man Now, how did you find out about this course?
05:01 Was it the adverts (quảng cáo) in the Sunday newspaper?
05:04Jan No.
05:06 In fact, I looked for drama courses on the internet
05:09 and I saw that you were doing one.
05:12 When I read about it, I just thought, "Hey, why not?"
05:15Man Okay.
05:16Jan I saw that you send out some pre-course material.
05:20Man Yes.
05:21Jan I don't have much time to read any of the books you're recommending,
05:24 but I'd be grateful for your leaflet (tờ rơi), the one you mentioned in your publicity (quảng bá).
05:28Man Sure.
05:29 I'll put a copy in the post to you.
05:31Jan Thanks a lot.
05:33 I can't wait.
05:34Man Wait till you see what we have in...
05:40Narrator That is the end of part one.
05:42 You now have one minute to check your answers to part one.
Section 2
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06:43Narrator Part two.
06:44 You will hear a farm manager talking to a group of people
06:47 who are starting work at a fruit farm.
06:52 First you have some time to look at questions 11 to 15.
07:28Farm manager Well, hello everyone and welcome to Parsons Fruit Farm.
07:31 It's good to see a mix of so many different nationalities (quốc tịch) who have all come here on their working holidays.
07:37 I'm sure you're going to enjoy working on our farm.
07:41 First of all, just a few words about accommodation (chỗ ở).
07:45 I know that some of you have pitched your tents down at the campground,
07:49 but looking for something more comfortable.
07:52 So one option is the motel (nhà nghỉ).
07:54 It's located very conveniently (thuận tiện), just a few minutes away,
07:58 and they often do reduced rates if you're staying long-term (dài hạn).
08:02 And then the backpacker's hostel (nhà trọ cho khách ba lô) is always very popular,
08:04 though it can be busy at this time of year.
08:08 Okay, so, the work itself.
08:12 This summer the weather's been pretty mixed.
08:14 We've had a bit of everything and the forecasts (dự báo) have always been wrong.
08:19 So some of the apples and pears aren't in great condition (tình trạng).
08:23 That said, this season's been better than some we've had recently.
08:27 And the autumn looks like it's going to be great.
08:30 So we should have ideal conditions for the harvest (vụ thu hoạch).
08:34 So, there are a number of different jobs to do.
08:37 Most of you will be fruit picking.
08:39 We'll give all the fruit pickers gloves to wear to protect your fingers so you won't hurt yourselves.
08:46 We'll also be looking for some tractor (máy kéo) drivers.
08:49 Their job is to collect the full baskets of fruit
08:52 and take them to the shed (nhà kho).
08:55 I should say, in this country,
08:57 anyone is allowed to drive a tractor (máy kéo) on farmland once they're 13,
09:02 rather than 18 as in some countries.
09:05 However, we do have certain rules that are specific to our farm.
09:10 You don't need to have done farm work before.
09:14 But here you must have a relevant (liên quan) document or permit (giấy phép) from your country
09:17 that allows you to operate this type of vehicle (phương tiện).
09:21 Then there are also lots of jobs working inside the shed (nhà kho).
09:25 This involves sorting the fruit and cleaning it if necessary.
09:30 There's a lot of heavy machinery (máy móc) in the shed (nhà kho),
09:32 so when that's operating, you must wear your ear protection (đồ bảo vệ tai).
09:37 The big advantage is the shed's (nhà kho) fully air-conditioned,
09:40 so it's a pleasant environment (môi trường dễ chịu) regardless of what the weather's doing outside.
09:45 All right. Well, whatever job you do,
09:48 I'll just give you some final advice.
09:51 When you're picking the fruit,
09:53 sometimes you can break off a small branch (cành cây).
09:56 That's not something you need to be worried about.
09:59 It'll grow back.
10:02 Also, remember to have snacks and use your water bottles often.
10:06 People get exhausted quickly during harvest (vụ thu hoạch) time.
10:10 And if you've got a mobile or cell,
10:12 keep it with you at all times, in case there's an emergency.
10:20Narrator Before you hear the rest of the talk,
10:22 you have some time to look at questions 16 to 20.
10:50 Now listen and answer questions 16 to 20.
10:57Farm manager All right.
10:59 I'd like to quickly go over where everything is located.
11:01 So look at your maps of Parsons Fruit Farm
11:04 and find the main yard.
11:06 It's towards the bottom of your maps.
11:10 That really is the center of the farm.
11:13 Okay.
11:14 The first place I'll mention is the workshop.
11:18 This is close to the main yard.
11:20 But you actually have to leave the yard to get into it.
11:24 So you need to take the road that goes out to the orchards
11:28 and you access the workshop from there.
11:31 Then, the lunchroom.
11:34 On the north side of the map, there's a road that curves sharply round to the left.
11:40 Halfway round this bend, you'll find the entrance to the lunchroom.
11:44 It's a pretty place, next to the river and also beside a little wood.
11:50 You also need to be able to find the farm office.
11:53 So, if you look at the main yard,
11:55 you'll see there's a number of different buildings located around it.
11:59 And the farm office is the smallest one.
12:03 It's on the south side.
12:05 Obviously, the first aid room is important.
12:09 Now, this is close to the main yard, so it's quick to get there.
12:13 And it's actually more or less in the middle of your maps.
12:17 That little building that's attached to the farmhouse.
12:21 Then the store shed (nhà kho).
12:23 From the main yard, take the road heading north.
12:25 Go past the farmhouse and turn right.
12:28 The store is down that road.
12:30 If you come to the vegetable gardens, you've gone too far.
12:35 Now the other thing is the farmhouse is further than you'd expect.
12:43Narrator That is the end of part two.
12:45 You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to part two.
Section 3
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13:27Narrator Section 3.
13:29 You will hear part of a discussion between two students,
13:32 Liz from New Zealand,
13:34 and Scott from the UK,
13:36 who are working on a presentation
13:39 about a key historical site in New Zealand.
13:43 First, you have some time to look at questions 21 to 24
13:48 on page five.
14:19 Now listen carefully and answer questions 21 to 24.
14:27Liz Hi Scott.
14:28 Here are my notes.
14:30Scott Let's sort this presentation out then.
14:32 The first thing I found out about Stone Point is it's an extinct volcanic cone.
14:37 You probably know that already being a New Zealander.
14:39Liz Yes, and there are two other cones nearby,
14:42 which also overlook the harbour.
14:44Scott Right.
14:45Liz Yeah, the first settlers of New Zealand, the Maori,
14:48 sailed to New Zealand thousands of years after these volcanoes erupted.
14:52 I think the tutor allocated us this topic though,
14:56 because of Stone Point's significant (quan trọng) historical role.
14:59 It's been used by both Maori and European settlers as a place to shelter from attack
15:05 or launch an attack for centuries.
15:08Scott Yeah.
15:09 And the fact it was an ideal place for building a village.
15:11 It would have been quite a sheltered spot.
15:14Liz I suppose the Maori settled there because they thought the volcanic soil would help their crops grow.
15:19Scott Well, they would have realized the benefits of the soil after a few good harvests,
15:23 but initially the fishing opportunities would have been the attraction.
15:27Liz Hmm, you're right.
15:28Scott Actually, I also read that Maori regard Stone Point as
15:32 Taonga.
15:33 I believe that means a treasured (quý giá) thing.
15:36Liz Wow, your Maori vocabulary is improving Scott.
15:40 We do have to deal with Stone Point's cultural value for Maori.
15:45 That's still part of its historical significance,
15:48 but we need to keep most Maori terminology (thuật ngữ) out of the presentation.
15:52 Otherwise, a lot of the international (quốc tế) students won't be able to follow us.
15:57Scott That's a shame. I'm sure they'd be interested.
15:59 I mean, I am, but yeah,
16:01 we wouldn't be able to explain it in the time allowed,
16:04 so I guess we have to stick to English.
16:07 Anyway, European migrants turned Stone Point into a lookout point for ships.
16:12 Then it became a fort, an army base in the late 1880s,
16:16 and then during the World Wars the fort was modernized (hiện đại hóa) again.
16:20Liz It's also been a public park sometimes.
16:23Scott I'd prefer to devote (cống hiến) more of the presentation to the military use of Stone Point.
16:27 There are some great websites about the engines they installed.
16:31Liz Sorry, I wouldn't go into the technical (kỹ thuật) side if I were you.
16:35 If you start describing mechanical stuff, people will switch off.
16:40 I think it's more interesting to look at the impact Stone Point had on the people's lives at the time.
16:45 I mean, for example,
16:48 there were about 25 years when they used local prisoners (tù nhân) to build the tunnels (đường hầm)
16:53 and the underground rooms.
16:55 They lived there too.
16:57Scott Yeah, I guess, if we can find some first-hand accounts.
17:03Narrator Before you hear the rest of the discussion,
17:05 you have some time to look at questions 25 to 30
17:10 on page six.
17:41 Now listen and answer questions 25 to 30.
17:48Liz Okay.
17:49 So let's make a checklist of things to do.
17:52 For the early Maori inhabitation (sự cư trú) section,
17:55 we have to look at the material we've used again
17:58 and make sure we know who the writers were and when they wrote it.
18:02Scott Yes, that needs work.
18:04 And for the part about Stone Point being used as a lookout point,
18:08 I'm sure we can locate some drawings of how Stone Point looked then
18:11 and the kind of ships coming in.
18:13Liz Nice.
18:14 And what else?
18:15 We haven't got a lot of detail for the reconstruction (sự tái thiết) of the fort.
18:19 We should add some more information about what it was the prisoners (tù nhân) were adding to it.
18:24Scott Okay, I'll do that bit too.
18:26Liz So I'll deal with the section regarding the modernization (sự hiện đại hóa)
18:29 that happened in the 1930s and 40s.
18:33 I mean, that's the bit where we have the most visible evidence of historic buildings.
18:38 I'll ring the Department of Conservation (Cục Bảo tồn)
18:41 and see if they'll agree to let me film the site.
18:44 Maybe allow me access to some of the tunnels (đường hầm) the public don't see.
18:48Scott Okay.
18:49 For the 1950s onwards, could you also arrange a meeting
18:52 with someone from the Department of Conservation (Cục Bảo tồn)
18:54 to ask them about their restoration work?
18:57Liz I could try.
18:58 Oh, and just about its use as a public park today.
19:02 Where's the boundary exactly?
19:03 Does it go all the way to the beach?
19:05Scott Not sure.
19:06 I'll check that out.
19:08Liz Great.
19:09 I suppose it would finish off the presentation nicely
19:12 if we explain the future plans for the site.
19:17Narrator That is the end of section three.
19:20 You now have half a minute to check your answers.
Section 4
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20:00Narrator Part four.
20:02 You will hear an environmental science lecture about a plant called Jatropha (cây Dầu mè)
20:06 and its uses.
20:08 First you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
21:11Lecturer Good afternoon.
21:12 As you know, the world is running out of fossil fuels (nhiên liệu hóa thạch),
21:15 that is crude oil, coal and natural gas.
21:19 As an alternative (thay thế), certain plants are now being considered as biofuels (nhiên liệu sinh học),
21:23 which are fuels made from organic (hữu cơ) plant material.
21:27 These are possible sources of energy once the fossil fuels (nhiên liệu hóa thạch) have gone forever.
21:32 Well, one such plant goes by the name of Jatropha (cây Dầu mè).
21:36 It was first a native (bản địa) of Central America
21:38 and it's now found across the world.
21:41 A few things that make this plant especially attractive
21:44 is that it can survive in very poor quality, infertile soil,
21:48 as it does, for example, alongside train tracks in India,
21:51 on the line between Mumbai and Delhi.
21:54 And for up to three years, it's resistant to drought (hạn hán).
21:58 That's right.
21:58 It can do without rain for that long.
22:02 And even if it's not actually a plant that people can eat,
22:05 it's still worth having it on your land, as it prevents erosion (sự xói mòn).
22:09 And we looked at the dangerous consequences of that in a previous lecture.
22:13 Furthermore, Jatropha (cây Dầu mè) seeds can be slowly distilled (chưng cất) to produce diesel oil,
22:18 and it's this kind of fuel, of course, that's of interest to scientists and power companies.
22:24 After processing, the seeds can yield (sản xuất) up to four times the oil that soybean can,
22:29 and 10 times the amount compared to corn.
22:32 So you can see why it's causing such interest.
22:35 And not much is wasted in the processing procedure either.
22:39 After the oil has been extracted from the seeds,
22:42 the residue (phần còn lại) is processed into biomass (sinh khối) which can run power stations,
22:46 which in turn can provide electricity for thousands of local homes.
22:52 Also, whereas our fossil fuels (nhiên liệu hóa thạch) cannot be replaced,
22:55 the energy produced by biofuels (nhiên liệu sinh học) such as Jatropha (cây Dầu mè) is renewable (có thể tái tạo).
23:00 It's not going to run out because the plants just go on growing.
23:09 There's no doubt that it is a remarkable plant
23:12 and one that has been very beneficial (có lợi) to man.
23:14 In various African communities, it's been used to operate water pumps
23:19 and refrigerate medicines.
23:21 It can be used to produce candles or as a fencing (hàng rào) plant
23:25 to keep some animals enclosed and some animals out.
23:30 It can also treat a number of health problems.
23:32 For example, the boiled leaves can do much to relieve the suffering of people with malaria (bệnh sốt rét),
23:38 and some Jatropha (cây Dầu mè) species have seeds which are used to treat digestion (tiêu hóa) problems.
23:43 Anyway, that's not what the European corporations (tập đoàn) who are buying vast amounts of land
23:47 for Jatropha (cây Dầu mè) plantations (đồn điền) are focusing on.
23:51 They claim that people who are dependent on rural economies
23:54 will benefit from growing Jatropha (cây Dầu mè),
23:56 and that it will help them bring an end to poverty (sự nghèo đói)
23:59 by providing a long-term local industry (ngành công nghiệp).
24:02 They also point out that few or no modifications (sự sửa đổi) would be necessary in modern diesel engines,
24:08 since they were originally designed to run on biofuels (nhiên liệu sinh học)
24:11 such as peanut oil and ethanol (cồn) anyway.
24:15 Of course, when the plants are burnt, they release carbon dioxide (khí cacbonic),
24:19 but they absorb great amounts when they're growing,
24:22 making them a considerably greener alternative (thay thế) to fossil fuels (nhiên liệu hóa thạch).
24:27 But not everyone shares the excitement over Jatropha (cây Dầu mè),
24:30 nor other biofuels (nhiên liệu sinh học).
24:32 In Western Australia, Jatropha (cây Dầu mè) has, in fact, been banned
24:35 since the seeds of some species are toxic (độc hại).
24:38 And it only takes three or four to kill a person.
24:41 And animals are also very vulnerable.
24:44 Furthermore, skeptics also point out that
24:47 as there are many species of Jatropha (cây Dầu mè),
24:49 its oil productivity is unreliable (không đáng tin cậy).
24:53 Aside from this, critics (nhà phê bình) of Jatropha (cây Dầu mè) and other biofuels (nhiên liệu sinh học)
24:57 claim that farmers now have a strong economic incentive (động lực kinh tế) to grow them
25:01 rather than food crops.
25:03 Poor countries would be particularly affected
25:06 because they would have to rely on imported (nhập khẩu) foods to survive,
25:10 and people would end up having to pay greatly inflated prices (giá cả tăng cao) for basic foods.
25:16 There's also the concern over environmental damage (thiệt hại về môi trường).
25:19 In order to provide land for palm oil or sugarcane plantations (đồn điền),
25:23 for instance, companies are cutting down vast areas of rainforest
25:27 which can never be replaced.
25:30 And this in turn results in the disappearance of wildlife
25:32 which depended on that habitat (môi trường sống).
25:35 You can also imagine that such deforestation (phá rừng) makes a considerable contribution to global warming.
25:42 Furthermore, opponents also reject the idea
25:44 that biofuels (nhiên liệu sinh học) are a carbon neutral (trung hòa carbon) source of energy
25:48 and say...
25:52Narrator That is the end of part four.
25:54 You now have one minute to check your answers to part four.